She went on to have sixteen children and the knight became the first Earl Rivers for his services to Henry VI and his queen Margaret of Anjou. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 24. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. In 1562, his grave was destroyed by Calvinists. Since the conditions of the Treaty of Troyes in 1420 had specified that Henry V would become King of France following the death of the French King Charles VI, it became clear that an infant would now be king of two kingdoms very soon. The throne was inherited by the nine-month-old infant son of the former king, Henry VI. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. In 1988, Breton nationalists erected a statue in his honour on the site. How to say John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford in English? In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. ; Richard of Bedford and Mary of Bedford John of Lancaster was born the third son of Henry Bolingbroke, eldest son and heir of John of Gaunt, third surviving son of King Edward III. Yolandes grandson became Louis VII of France and her grand-daughter was Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of Henry VI of England whose mother Catherine of Valois was Charless sister. He dies while sitting in a chair at Rouen, just after he hears the patriotic screams of his fellow countrymen. The third son of King Henry IV, John was created duke of Bedford by his brother Henry V in 1414. "The Tomb of Anne of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, in the Muse du Louvre". In 1399, his father deposed King Richard II and crowned himself as King Henry IV. Bolingbroke was crowned King of England, as Henry IV, on 13 October 1399. Johns first wife Anne of Burgundy gave the book to young Henry VI for Christmas in 1430 (I wonder how the grandchildren would react to a beautifully hand painted devotional text rather than the usual jigsaws, board games and selected Disney dvds). Welcome back. He maintained his loyalty to his father, brother and nephew until the day he died. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. File:Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg. Medieval Family History Unit, (Manuscript. 2 p. 548. Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. 25447, fol. Bedford was declared Regent of France, his nephew technically being heir to the throne of that country as well as to the Kingdom of England. The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). Retrieved January 16, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. Just a moment while we sign you in to your Goodreads account. After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. This marriage was also childless, although Jacquetta went on to have more than a dozen children in her second marriage to Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers). When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, 10. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Duke of Bedford. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of BedfordKG(20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. [S37] #93 [Book version] The Dictionary of National Biography: from the Earliest Times to 1900 (1885-1900, reprint 1993), Stephen, Leslie, (22 volumes. [citation needed], Several authoritative sources are cited by the. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign . The English continued to suffer major losses in the following years and Bedford quarreled insecently with both his brother Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, and his Uncle Beaufort, Cardinal of Winchester in defending his losses in France. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Ms Add 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 410 478 pixels. 11 p. 834. The first and second creations came in 1414 and 1433 respectively, in favour of Henry IV's third son, John, [clarification needed] who later served as regent of France. Catherine of Valois or Catherine of France (27 October 1401 - 3 January 1437) was Queen of England from 1420 until 1422. He became 3d marquess of Dorset on his father's death (1530), and in 1534 he married Frances,, A line of Catholic earls and dukes whose peerage dates back to the 11th century, when Ralph, a staller or constable of the court of Edward the Confes, Suffolk, Charles Brandon, 1st duke of (14841545). Bedford was not as capable as his eldest brother Henry, but he was certainly an excellent commander and politician. Collapse. While he was in France his duties in . [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. [2] He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V.[3][4]. . He had no legitimate surviving issue. [3], John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg.[4]. Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I. Geni requires JavaScript! Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. [S443] #2051 Memorials of the Family of Scott of Scot's-hall in the County of Kent, Scott, James Renat, (2 volumes. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. Joans army took the Loire Valley and defeated the English after which she had King Charles VII of France crowned at Rheims which was against the treaty that the French had agreed to after Agincourt which saw King Henry V marry Katherine of Valois. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. Two months after the death of Henry V, Charles VI passed away. Mowbray was created earl of Nottingham on succeeding to his elder brother's lands in 1383, and receiv, John of Lignres, or Johannes de Lineriis, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Appears in: Henry IV, Part 1; Henry IV, Part 2; Henry V; Henry VI, Part 1. In 1416, Henry placed John in command of a fleet taking supplies to Harfleur, which overcame a fleet of the Franco-Genoese navy. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. The couple were happily married, despite being childless. The title of duke, derived from the latin dux, is the highest in the peerage and until 1448 was restricted to members of the royal family. John died on 14 September 1435 at age 46 at Castle of Joyeux Repos, Rouen, Caux, France, without legitimate surviving issue. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. John died during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. The Oxford Companion to British History. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere. 1 p. 244 table 2 pt. [S15] Les Valois (1990), Van Kerrebrouck, Patrick, (Villeneuve d'Ascq [France]: P. Van Kerrebrouck, 1990), FHL book 929.244 V247k., p. 367. Relevance. The play focuses on his role as the last English Regent of France. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. Only loud protests caused the ungrateful Charles VII to give Jean a decent burial instead of a paupers grave. It is unlikely anyone else put in his station could have done any better. [S7] #44 Histoire de la maison royale de France anciens barons du royaume: et des grands officiers de la couronne (1726, reprint 1967-1968), Saint-Marie, Anselme de, (3rd edition. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. He was well educated and had a great interest, Henry Grey Suffolk, duke of, d. 1554, English nobleman. Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. John, as well as being a soldier and a politician, was also a scholar. ", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John,_Duke_of_Bedford, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=93572472. 11 T 26. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. After the Percies (the family that had played the biggest role in putting Henry on the throne) unsuccessfully rebelled against the king in 1403, John, along with many others, shared in the spoils they left behind and considerably increased his wealth. Between 1403 and 1405 grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. In the Philippa Gregory novel, "Lady of the Rivers" John features as the first husband of main character, Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432.[7]. And he is famous, or perhaps infamous, for having Joan of Arc burnt at the stake for witchcraft. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422 and 1432, where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. Artist unknown. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Add MS 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. He was forced to raise the siege of Orleans in 1429 on account of the peasant girl. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. He became the Lord Protector during Johns long absences in France. 2 p. 63-64. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. Not that this stopped Humphrey from dabbling in politics in an attempt to destabilize Johns alliances with other European magnates. [S347] Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-century Colonists: the Descent from the Later Plantagenet Kings of England, Henry III, Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III, of Emigrants from England and Wales to the North American Colonies Before 1701 (2nd ed., 1999), Faris, David, (2nd edition. "Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses", pp. He continued to build up his influence and position in government throughout the remainder of his father's reign. Biography. John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. Reprint, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1993), FHL book 920.042 D561n., vol. 2 p. 83, vol. The last impression one is given of Bedford by Shakespeare is a fairly positive one: he is a loyal servant of the crown who gave his life for his king, cause and country. In addition, out of wedlock he had a daughter named Mary, who married Pierre de Montferrand (d. 1454), son of the lord of Langoiran, Soudan de la Trau, and had issue; and a son, Richard. 1435 . She caused a scandal after Johns death by marrying a mere knight called Richard Woodville. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his first wife Anne. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belong to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. In any event it didnt do Joan much good. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . Arthur was with Joan at Patay, and after her death he did the English even more damage than she had, driving the English out of Normandy. Bedford defeated the French several times, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition.